Firm Power, Flexible Futures: How Geothermal Can Strengthen Island Energy Systems
Island nations face a distinct energy paradox: they are rich in renewable potential yet structurally dependent on imported fossil fuels. This reliance creates exposure to extreme price volatility, supply insecurity, and economic fragility. In many cases, electricity prices exceed €200–350/MWh, and imported fuels account for 60–100% of primary energy use. At the same time, climate vulnerability and rising tourism are placing additional pressure on land, infrastructure, and water systems. Most islands do not have the luxury of space for large-scale solar arrays, battery fields, or sprawling desalination plants. What they need is firm, compact, climate-resilient power — and this is where geothermal energy offers a compelling solution.

Geothermal provides clean, baseload energy 24/7 — independent of weather — with a physical footprint that is up to 10× smaller per megawatt than solar or wind systems with equivalent storage. Additionally, it enables cascading use across heating, cooling, desalination, agriculture, and wellness infrastructure, all from a single source of heat.

That is why the International Geothermal Association (IGA), in partnership with the Greening the Islands Foundation (GTI), is convening a high-level stakeholder workshop on September 3rd focused on:
“Energy Security for Island Nations: The Role of Geothermal Energy.”

This invitation-only workshop will address:

  • The technical and economic feasibility of geothermal for island contexts
  • Deployment strategies, including modular and binary cycle plants, direct use applications, and integration with existing diesel infrastructure
  • Approaches to de-risking early-stage exploration through public-private mechanisms
  • The importance of policy alignment, licensing frameworks, and project bankability
  • How geothermal supports not just energy goals, but broader SDG targets — including climate adaptation, food security, and well-being

Recent advances in exploration technologies, drilling techniques, and hybrid systems are making geothermal more viable than ever before, even for smaller or lower-enthalpy island systems. The cost of electricity from mature geothermal installations can fall below €80/MWh, with virtually no price volatility. Moreover, geothermal enables local value creation: construction, operation, workforce training, and reinvestment in community services.

The workshop will also showcase emerging use cases beyond power generation — including heat networks for coastal towns, geothermal greenhouses, and low-footprint wellness tourism as an alternative to high-impact cruise-based economies.

From the Azores to La Palma, from Montserrat to Flores, islands are beginning to embrace the potential beneath their feet. But unlocking this potential requires cross-sector coordination, strategic funding, and the right enabling conditions.

The IGA–GTI workshop is designed to catalyze that process — offering a space for island stakeholders to articulate their needs, and for technology and finance providers to present viable, scalable solutions.

As the global push for decarbonization accelerates, geothermal offers island nations a path to energy independence, resilience, and regeneration. Not just in theory but in practice.

By Dr Marit Brommer CEO of the International Geothermal Association (IGA)

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