| Abstract |
Turkey is the fifth country in the World in existing geothermal direct use applications. Most of the development is achieved in geothermal direct-use applications with 117,000 residences equivalence geothermal heating (983 MWt) including district heating, thermal facilities and 1 million m2 geothermal greenhouse heating. Geothermal water is used in 215 spas for balneological purposes (402 MWt). Engineering design of nearly 310,000 residences equivalence geothermal district heating has been completed. By summing up all these geothermal utilizations, the geothermal direct use installed capacity is 1385 MWt by April 2007 in Turkey. Main geothermal district heating system applications are Izmir- Balcova, Izmir-Narlidere and Izmir-Medical Faculty Campus of Dokuz Eyl?l University, Afyon-city center, Afyon-Sandikli, Kirsehir-city center, K?tahya-Simav, Ankara-Kizilcahamam, Balikesir-G?nen, Nevsehir? Kozakli, Manisa?Salihli, Agri-Diyadin, Denizli-Sarayk?y, Balikesir-Edremit, Balikesir-Bigadi? and Yozgat-Sarikaya geothermal district heating systems. The electricity generation has been reached 30 MWe with the addition of Aydin-Salavatli binary cycle geothermal power plant of 10 MWe install capacity to the existing Kizildere geothermal power plant (20 MWe install capacity). According to the Geothermal Working Group Report of Turkey?s 9th (2007-2013 period) Development Plan of Prime Ministry State Planning Organisation, the geothermal potential for electricity production according to todays commercial conditions is 550 MWe by the year 2013. Moreover, the geothermal direct use (district heating, greenhouse and thermal facilities heating, balneological utilization, drying, cooling, fish farming, mineral recovery) 2013 projections has been estimated as 8000 MWt (35.040.000 MWth/year). The total investment required to reach the 2013 goals for geothermal electricity production, district heating (houses, thermal facilities etc.), greenhouse heating, thermal tourism, drying, cooling and fish farming is 3,25 Billion USD. But, the economic activity created in Turkey would be 16 Billion USD by reaching the 2013 goals. |