| Title | Geothermal Development Progress in Indonesia: Country Update 1995-2000 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Sayogi Sudarman, Suroto, Kris Pudyastuti and Suhariyanto Aspiyo |
| Year | 2000 |
| Conference | World Geothermal Congress |
| Keywords | Electricity usage, geothermal development progress, resource assessment, professional manpower, Indonesia |
| Abstract | This paper evaluates the progress of geothermal development in Indonesia over the period December 1995 to December 1998 and reports projections to the end of year 2000 and year 2005. This paper also discusses the electrical energy mix in Indonesia and geothermal professional involvement. In 1995 the installed electrical capacity in three fields was 305 MWe plus 4.5 MWe from pilot plants at two fields. The total geothermal electrical capacity was only about 1.6% of the total electrical energy usage in Indonesia in which oil and gas plants were still dominant (>80%). Over the period ending in December 1999 there has been no direct-use of geothermal beyond pre-existing traditional use. All development to date has been associated with the conversion of geothermal energy to electricity. Also no new high temperature resources have been drilled in this period. By January 2000, it is expected that installed geothermal power plant capacity will be about 769.5 MWe from six fields and about 529.5 MWe in operation. This operation figure is about 45% of the initial target set in 1995 and will equal about 2.7% of the total electrical energy usage in Indonesia. Starting in year 2000, PLN planning envisions progressive reduction in the burning of oil and gas for electricity production to about <70% of the total mix by replacing it with coal, hydro, and geothermal energy. By 2005, in spite of the recent market dislocation it is projected that geothermal electricity generation will increase rapidly to about 1,907.5 MWe from 15 fields that have an estimated proven reserves of about 3,910 MWe. Two new fields and three extensions are expected to be under development by January 2000, and the remaining seven new fields plus six extensions will come under development during the next five years. By the end of 2005 it is expected that geothermal will constitute about <7% of the total electricity energy usage in Indonesia. In parallel with the development mentioned above, INAGA (the Indonesian Geothermal Association) projects that professional development specific to geothermal activity (University degrees) will increase from 221 persons in 1995 to about 526 persons in 1999. |