| Abstract |
The first pilot geothermal power station with capacity 86kW was built in Dengwu village, Fengshun county, Guangdong province in 1970, which generating electricity power using geothermal fluids of 92℃. After that the other six medium-low temperature geothermal power stations were built with each capacity 50-300 kW in 1970s. The testing conclusion was feasible technology and diseconomy. Consequently, most of stations were shut down one after another in the late 1970s with 2 exceptions by low cost management. Then the one retired in 2008 due to aging of facilities. The only Dengwu station has been operating with increased to 300kW by technical support from institute of Chinese Academy of Science. Medium-low temperature geothermal power generation paused growth almost at later. In 1980s there were 2 MW installed in Langju, Tibet and stopped in 1990s due to insufficient resources supplying. In 1993 there was 1 MW installed in Nagqu, Tibet and stopped several years later due to heavy scaling problem. In 2011 the Huabei Oilfield tested 400 kW of geothermal power generation. But it stopped soon after. There was 1MW unit installed in Ruili city, Yunnan province and 280 kW unit installed in Xian county, Hebei province respectively in 2017. The total capacity of medium-low temperature geothermal power generation in China is 6.23 MW, and 1.58MW are operating. The Yangbajain pilot high-temperature geothermal power station with 1MW unit was succeeded operating in Tibet in 1977, and the total capacity has increased to 25.18MW till 1991. Then there was no increase until 2009. Yangbajain station increased 2 MW in 2009-2010. And Yangyi tested 400 kW + 500 kW later in Tibet. But the 16 MW Yangyi station generated power until 2018. In addition, a 200 kW small unit was installed in Kangding city, Sichuan province in 2018. The total capacity of high-temperature geothermal power generation in China is 47.58 MW including 3.3 MW in Taiwan, and 43.28MW are operating. There are 3 reasons could be considered for slow growth of geothermal power generation. The first is error of idea of development. Chinese saw the low efficiency of geothermal power generation then stopped further research. However ORMAT lasted such researches then it become the top one of low temperature geothermal generation in the world. The second is insufficient national support for priority policy. However Turkey has increased 1,317 MW in recent years due to tax reduction policy. The three one is insufficient preparation for geothermal resources exploration. Even though the geothermal survey estimated 5,800 MW potential for 30 years use, but it could not be used soon. Chinese government issued the 13th Five-year (2016-2020) Plan on Development and Utilization of Geothermal Energy in 2017. It designed a new capacity of geothermal power generation would be 500MW. Judging by the current actual development situation, it could be only reached about 50MW by the end of 2020. It would be a very difficult target even several large national-hold enterprises have entered geothermal development. We have to effort to solve series barriers. |