| Title | Problems of geothermal energy development in the North-Caucasian region |
|---|---|
| Authors | A.B.Alkhasov, A.M.Amadziev |
| Year | 2003 |
| Conference | International Geothermal Workshop, Russia |
| Keywords | Geothermal energy, heat supply, thermodynamics, heat pump |
| Abstract | Traditional heat supply has a number of shortages, which demand wider using the alternative methods. One of them is involving the geothermal resources in fuel and energy complex of the region. The accelerated development of geothermal energy is connected with elaboration of know-now and technical means of output and utilization of significant resources of salt thermal waters and low-potential waters of not deep occurrence. The most effective use and increasing volumes of extraction of low-potential thermal waters may be achieved by introduction of modern technologies of heat pump systems of heat supply (HPS). Investigations are carried out for optimization of back thermodynamic cycle, realized in heat pump installation (HPI), and for increasing energy transformation coefficient. The mathematical model of a heat transfer in a ground heat-exchanger is obtained and diagrams are received for determination of intermediate heat-carrier temperature and thermal influence radius of a heat-exchanger. As a basic conception of non-polluting and powerful heat supply the wide scale application of geothermal HPS is suggested, where more than 50 per cent of heating and hot water supply in the region may be provided by the wholesale introduction of such technologies. The further development of middle-potential geothermal power engineering is connected with heat supply and application of know-how for extraction and utilization of those waters. Technology of simultaneous-separate output of fresh low-potential and salt waters by the same well is rather effective. High-potential salt deep waters are promising for electric energy production in binary geothermal electric power plants (GPP). The technology of binary GPP with down hole heat-exchanger is elaborated, which allows to minimize problems of salt deposition and investigations are carried out for optimization of parameters of the primary and secondary contours of GPP. It is stated, that there are optimal temperature of secondary heat-carrier evaporation, depending on primary heat source, and optimal flow rate of thermal water in a primary contour corresponding to a maximum of useful capacity of power plant. The paying development of high-parametrical waters is possible at complex utilization of all kinds of energy and mineral salts. The combined technological schemes of power plants for complex utilization of high- parametrical waters are worked out. |