| Abstract |
In recent years, several larger plants for offices or commercial areas have been designed and built in the central region of Germany, and mainly in the Rhein-Main-area. Both systems with borehole heat exchangers (BHE) as well as with shallow geothermal doublets (ground water wells) are operational. New solutions had to be found to adapt the technology to certain site constraints, and innovative components like thermally enhanced grouting material have been used. The paper reviews shortly the early development of GSHP for commercial buildings, gives details on a selection of recent plants and explains specific problems during their realisation: |