| Title | Geothermal investigation of the Kesen |
|---|---|
| Authors | Baki Canik and Suzan Pasvanoglu |
| Year | 2003 |
| Conference | European Geothermal Conference |
| Keywords | Seben, thermal waters, hydrogeology, geothermometry, Turkey. |
| Abstract | Located in north western Turkey, the study area is 10 km south of the town of Seben. This study aims at sheding light onto the potential use of the Seben-Kesenözü thermal springs for dwelling heating in the City of Bolu. The dominant rocks in the study area are of Mesozoic age sediments. The fractured limestone and conglomerate in the Kesenözü formation is member comprise the features of an aquifer and are overlain by the cover rocks of marl, shale, clay and clayey limestone. Thermal waters of the Seben region emanates from a strike slip fault with the sense of north-northwest, along the Hamamboðazý Creek. Emerging from 8 different points, the thermal waters have temperatures ranging from 56 to 78 0C. These waters are of meteoric origin and considered to have been heated by the geothermal gradient as they flow downward and return to ground surface through the faults and other types of fractures. The total dissolved solid content of the waters range from 1160 to 1920 mg/l. They are NaHCO3 waters. The predominant mineral types around the thermal springs are calcite and aragonite. The loss of CO2 in HCO3 rich thermal waters causes a rapid increase in pH which subsequently leads to the increase with the calcite-saturation. The temperature of the geothermal system was found to range from 82 to 119 0C using the various geothermometer techniques. |