| Authors |
Svetlana B. Bortnikova, Elizaveta P. Bessonova, Dmitri Yu. Bessonov, Yury P. Kolmogorov, Aleksandr S. Lapuchov, Nadezhda A. Palchik, Natalya A. Prisekina, Tatyana. A. Kotenko |
| Abstract |
Information about trace elements in native sulfur is hardly accessible in scientific literature because of complexity of sulfur preparation analysis. Few available data are relied on semiquantitative spectral analyses. At the same time, composition of native sulfur on volcanoes is an important indicator of volatile transport of elements and can serve as a basis for modeling of volcanic system. Ebeco is an active andesitic volcano located in the northern part of Paramushir Island, Northern Kuriles. Its activity comprises rare vulcanian eruptions as well as a plenty of permanent fumaroles and thermal springs. During the 2002-2003 field works, a representative collection of native sulfur was picked up from Ebeco fumaroles located at Northwest and South fumarolic fields and on the slope of the Northern crater. To estimate concentrations of elements a method of “external standard sample” was used. Due to the fact that no certified standards exist for native sulfur, we used our own standard made from superpure native sulfur specification 6-09-2546-77 with added mixture of chemical elements KS-1. The standard was prepared by addition to sulfur of 2.5% HCl solution with set of elements (As, Sb, Se, Te, Cd, Zn, Cu etc) in specified concentrations (1 – 10%). KS-1 was added to sulfur in specified amounts, then standard was dried at 85°С in air until constant weight. After drying standard was ground to 200 mesh and 30 mg pellets 6 mm diameter were made. With Synchrotron XRF method and standards described above, a wide spectrum of elements was detected in native sulfur. All these elements according to correlation analysis can be divided into two groups. The first group comprises elements that are transported by volcanic gas as aerosol particles: K, Ca, Fe, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Nb, Th, U, Cu, Zn. The second group includes volatile elements transported from depth of magmatic system. Obtained results together with available published data allow us to develop a physico-chemical transport model of elements in volcanic gases released from magmatic body. |