| Title | Shallow and Deep Borehole Heat Exchangers - Achievements and Prospects |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ladislaus Rybach and Robert J. Hopkirk |
| Year | 1995 |
| Conference | World Geothermal Congress |
| Keywords | decentral space heating, design and operation, heat pumps, model simulations, single and multiple systems |
| Abstract | With almost 6'000 space heating systems based on borehole heat exchangers (BHE) using over 10'000 BHE's with a total length of nearly km Switzerland is world leader in terms of areal density (number of BHE's per country area). The state of the art is based on field measurements of performance parameters conducted over five heating seasons as well as on validated numerical model simulations to prove the reliable long-term operation of BHE systems. New development trends include multiple BHE's for combined heat foundation piles equiped with BHE's. and deep BHE's to be installed in otherwise abandoned, "dry" exploratory drillholes. |