| Abstract |
Geothermal research, development and use in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) have been considerably enlarged from 2015 to 2019 in numerous views compared to 2010 to 2014 period. Geothermal research projects are the following: 1) DanReGeotherm-DATA, which includes six Danube countries, represents a preparation for DARLINGe project; conclusion was it should perform standardization of various geothermal data, 2) DARLINGe project includes geothermal research in six countries of Pannonian Basin with main goal to increase geothermal use, 3) GeoConnect3D project will involve 3D model of Pannonian Basin. Project partners from B&H was Federal Geological Survey – Sarajevo (FZZG) in these three EU projects and Geological survey of the Republic of Srpska - Zvornik (GSRS) in DARLINGe project, 4) Map of mineral, thermal and thermomineral waters of Republic of Srpska, 1:300,000 was done by GSRS, 5) Research of gases in hyperalkaline waters of the Dinaride ophiolite belt in B&H made by National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology - Roma and FZZG gave the new views of genesis of gases especially CH4, H2 and He; as the unique phenomenon in the world according to Etiope et al. (2017) the LjeÅ¡ljani site features the highest pH (12.8) and CH4 emission (~9 ton/y) in peridotite-hosted hyperalkaline groundwater documented so far. Five hypothermal new fields are discovered by drilling, three in the area of Lukavac, one in Kokori and one in Odžak: 1) drillhole in Lukavac (Q=1,5 l/s, t=14°C) is made for heating one family house, 2) second drillhole for investigation of salt deposits in 2017, 3) third artesian well EBM-1 Poljice–Lukavac (Qpump.=3 l/s, t=15°C) for water bottling, 4) one well for water-supply was performed at Kokori–Prnjavor in Dinaride ophiolite zone to the depth of 54 m with artesian outflow of Q=2,6 l/s and t=20,7°C and 5) two artesian wells with individual depth of 120 m, water temperature 19-20°C and estimated yield of Q=50 l/s are discovered in Kadar-Odžak in the very abundant Miocene water bearing karstic aquifer. Existing exploitable fields are enlarged with new drillholes (Boljanić, SoÄkovac) having additional greater water yields. Three new drillholes in Boljanić with depths 183 – 438 m have water temperature 24 - 33°C. The well MS-1 in SoÄkovac captured thermomineral water (t=37 °C) and CO2. Two wells in Slatina and Kakmuž are under construction. Use of geothermal is increased with new types of application at several sites: 1) KulaÅ¡i spa with new types of use (2016), 2) Recreational centre Terme – GraÄanica (2017) is now active during all year and 3) open swimming pool is constructed in Zeleni vir – Olovo (2016). The greatest development of spas and use of waters was performed in KulaÅ¡i, Slatina and Ilidža. The use of heat pumps is substantially increased compared to the previous period. Beside four existing spas, heat pumps for space heating of GradaÄac and Olovo spa are installed. There is not any evidence of installed heat pump units and their use is not yet regulated by the law. |