| Abstract |
Projected reserves of geothermal waters in Russia are estimated at 218 m3 / sec. Proven operational reserves of 66 fields – 315.23 thousand m3 / day. The installed thermal capacity of Russian geothermal heat supply systems is 310 MW with heat output of 170 GW•h / year. Geothermal research in Russia was started in 1905 by L. A. Yachevsky, a member of the international geothermal Commission. The first geothermal well in the USSR was drilled in 1948 in Makhachkala (North Caucasus). The first laboratory in the USSR for the study of geothermal resources was established in 1954 in the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. In 1961, the USSR Academy of Sciences established the scientific Council for geothermal research. In the USSR there were 4 main geothermal scientific schools: Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Dagestan. Brief results of research of each scientific school and their heads are given. Was highlighted research results of petrogeothermal technologies. In 1972 the geothermal map of the USSR was published. The results of work of 5 regional divisions of the Ministry of gas industry of the USSR on drilling and operation of geothermal fields are presented. The results of work of engineering schools of the USSR on geothermal energy and heat supply, normative documents and leaders of these schools are analyzed. For the largest geothermal region - Dagestan the analysis of scientific researches, design researches, drilling and operation is executed. The results of the work of the only Institute of geothermal problems of the Academy of Sciences of Russia (Makhachkala) are noted. The data on the second reserve of geothermal water in Russia - Chechnya are presented. The results of research and operation of 16 geothermal fields (74 wells) with a potential thermal capacity of 238 MW in the Krasnodar region are presented. Built a combined solar and geothermal system of heat supply of the Rosoviy settlement (population 1000 people). The assessment of the energy potential of the Crimea, the characteristics of 26 geothermal wells, the experience of creating 12 geothermal heat supply systems using associated methane for power supply. |