| Title | Risk Assessment of HSE Risks of Ultra Deep Geothermal Energy and Enhanced Geothermal Systems in the Netherlands |
|---|---|
| Authors | Yvonne A'CAMPO, Siefko SLOB, Stefan BAISCH, Ben LAENEN, Matsen BROOTHAERS, Regillio KASIRIN, David BRUHN, Phil VARDON, Floris BESSELING, Esmée BOTER, Abe STEIGINGA, Gunter SIDDIQI, Eveline BUTER |
| Year | 2020 |
| Conference | World Geothermal Congress |
| Keywords | Ultra-deep, UDG, EGS, HSE, risk, bowtie |
| Abstract | Ultra-Deep Geothermal Energy (UDG), characterized by a depth larger than 4 km and temperatures above 120°C, has the potential to play an important role in fulfilling the high temperature heat demand in the Netherlands. In the long term the possibilities for conversion of geothermal heat to sustainable electricity can also be considered. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) are usually required with UDG. The various hazards and risks associated with UDG and EGS in the Netherlands have not yet been thoroughly identified and no comprehensive guidelines exist in the Netherlands for UDG. This study provides an overview of the Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) risks of UDG and EGS in the Netherlands. Both surface and subsurface risks are covered, with a specific focus on subsurface risks in the Dutch geological, technological and seismotectonic context. The main challenge for UDG and EGS is the lack of knowledge of the deep subsurface and the lack of experience in exploiting UDG wells. A potential target play is the Dinantian limestone, which is likely to be present in different parts of the country. The risk analysis is based on expert elicitation and known risks from analogue cases abroad. The first result is an overview of the risks and a visualization following the bowtie method. The second result is a project classification scheme which allows the geothermal operator and supervising authority to get insight in the project specific risks and the most appropriate measures. The results can be used to develop strategies for risk management and mitigation by regulators and geothermal operators both in The Netherlands and abroad. |