| Title | Hydrogeochemical Investigation of Hot and Mineral Waters of Karaada (Bodrum) |
|---|---|
| Authors | Koc, K; Simsek, S; Yilmaz Turali, E |
| Year | 2016 |
| Conference | European Geothermal Congress |
| Keywords | Hydrogeochemistry, geothermal, isotopes, Karaada, Bodrum, Mugla, Turkey |
| Abstract | Karaada geothermal area is located in the Kerme (Gokova) Gulf, south of Bodrum (Mugla-Turkey). Main lithostratigraphic units of the region are Triassic-Liassic aged dolomitic limestones, Liassic-Malm aged silty and marly limestones, Malm-Cenomanian aged cherty limestones, Upper Miocene aged magmatic rocks, Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene aged Bodrum flysches and Quaternary aged alluviums. Among these units, dolomitic-cherty limestones are the main groundwater bearing formations. Horst-graben systems have been developped due to active tectonism in the area. Permeability has been occurred by tectonism and karstification processes. The hot and mineral springs at the region located on the main fault lines and related segments running through cherty limestones. The hot spring emerges from a karstic cave, located north of Karaada Island in the Aegean Sea. Temperature of the hot spring is measured between 30.6°C and 31.7°C. The flowrate of the hot spring varies between 2 and 25 l/s depending on the sea level fluctuations. The type of the hot and mineral spring is Na-Cl. The spring has high salinity due to seawater intrusion. According to the silica geothermometers, estimated temperatures are between 38°C and 60°C. Environmental isotope analyses show that the hot spring is of meteoric origin; low tritium values indicate that deep circulating waters constitute the source of spring flow. As a result of this study, Karaada conceptual hydrothermal model was established. |