| Abstract |
The Mineral Resources Authority (MRA) of Papua New Guinea through its Geological Survey Division (GSD) has been carrying out reconnaissance in a number of active thermal sites and has encountered unique challenges each time. One of the major challenges encountered is Land ownership, which is a big issue that must be resolved prior to any form of investigation and or formal engagement with the locals and the place of interest. Topography, accessibility to site, cultural differences, technical expertise, funding, policy and legal framework are but some of the issues that the Mineral Resources Authority deals with each time a geothermal reconnaissance work is undertaken. Some of these challenges may be uniform throughout the country and may also have similarities with other developing countries. However unique differences noted within different regions of the country are related to land ownership, cultural practices, illiteracy rate and to a lesser extent topography and accessibility. Different regions in PNG have unique beliefs and ways of dealing with land and sacred sites that associate with active thermal features, which if not handled properly may bring about undesirable outcome. A top down approach has been adapted in addressing the landownership issue whereby the responsible provincial and local government are notified and consulted and subsequently the local landowner becomes involved, which has proven to be effective. Mutual respect and understanding on the traditional explanations and beliefs of scientific phenomena goes a long way to foster a working relationship between all parties. The rugged terrain and lack and or debilitating infrastructure makes access to most of the geothermal active sites almost impossible, thus requires detailed plans and a great deal of logistical arrangements. Tough, fully kitted four wheel drive (4WD) vehicle and use of helicopters are an essential component of project planning. This sometimes poses huge strain on budget. Use of boats is also essential in some areas and are more economical then use of choppers. High illiteracy rates in rural areas also have a huge bearing on exploration projects. Due to the lack of education, the locals fail to see the big picture hence stall progress due to lack of understanding. Conflicts and issues must be addressed objectively and is prudent to double check decisions made previous day as new developments are likely to happen the next day. Mutual respect and local participation in reconnaissance work has proven to be an important factor to the overall success. |