| Abstract |
Geothermal Resources Development in Indonesia: A History ¹W. Resmiasih Mansoer, ²Alanda Idral ¹Centre for Geological Resources - Indonesian Geological Agency, ²Geotamindo,Consultant for Energy and Mineral Resources Keywords: : Indonesia, Jawa, geothermal, history, Sibayak, Ulubelu, Kawah-Kamojang, Daradjat, Wayang Windu, G.Salak, Dieng, Lahendong, Mataloko, Ulumbu. ABSTRACT This paper describe a history of geothermal resources development in Indonesia. The Country which is known as “The Ring of Fire”, that starting from the northern tip of Sumatra and passing through Java, Bali, Nusatenggara, Sulawesi and Moluccas islands. Indonesia has 500 volcanic cones and more than 200 volcanoes, in which 129 are active. The geothermal exploration in Indonesia started in 1918 during the Dutch colonial era, and in 1926 the five test borrings were carried out in Kawah Kamojang field-West Jawa, inwhich the third being the firs that was succesfull. After that time not much activities were reported and likely cooling down The new era of exploration started in the beginning of 1970’s, in which a prefeasibility study for electricity generation was initiated in 1972 with technical assistance from New Zealand, Italy, USA, and Japan. The result of these studies were used as a basis to issue new policies to accelerate geothermal development and encourage energy diversity in the country and by the end of 2011 299 locations are identified across the Archipelago with estimated resources of 29 GW or 40 % of the world’s potential geothermal resources. Currently Indonesia is the world's third largest geothermal electricity producer with installed production capacity of 1,345.3 MW. At present, Government of Indonesia/Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (GoI/MEMR) has tender 6 locations of geothermal prospect that is ready to develop, and issued 26 new geothermal working areas (GWA), whilst up to 40 further working areas are expected to be offered at a later date. |