| Title | Social Dimensions of Geothermal Energy Development in the Indian Himalayas: Toward a Gender-Equitable and Inclusive Transition |
|---|---|
| Authors | Kunzes Dolma, Juliet Newson Malfridur Omarsdottir, Sunetro Ghosal |
| Year | 2026 |
| Conference | World Geothermal Congress |
| Keywords | |
| Abstract | The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), particularly Ladakh, is emerging as a frontier for geothermal energy exploration, presenting a unique opportunity to meet both regional energy needs and global climate targets. The deployment of geothermal technology in socially complex and ecologically fragile regions requires more than technical solutions. This paper investigates the social impacts of geothermal energy development in the IHR through a gender-equity and inclusion lens, offering a framework for ensuring that such projects contribute positively to local livelihoods, cultural integrity, and social justice. Using field data from geothermal pilot sites in Ladakh, alongside interviews with community members, women leaders, policymakers, and engineers, this study identifies both opportunities and risks associated with geothermal development. While geothermal energy has the potential to enhance energy access, reduce diesel dependency, and stimulate economic activity in IHR, it can also disrupt traditional land-use patterns, alter socio-cultural dynamics, and marginalize voices, if not managed inclusively. Findings reveal that women, despite bearing a disproportionate burden of energy poverty, are often excluded from geothermal project planning, training, and decision-making processes. This paper proposes a Just Energy Transition Framework that centers social impacts in geothermal development planning. It highlights the role of local civil society organizations, women and indigenous institutions in advocating for equitable energy models. Scaling such efforts requires supportive policy environments, funding mechanisms and international collaboration focused on ethical geothermal consulting. By recognizing and addressing its social impacts, it is possible to transform geothermal energy into a tool for holistic, just, and culturally respectful development. |