| Abstract |
Heating systems are major contributors to carbon emissions, particularly in Northern Europe, where they account for up to 30% of CO₂ emissions. Transitioning from fossil-fuel-based systems to sustainable alternatives is crucial. A key solution is the integration of industrial-scale heat pumps, which rely on reliable heat sources like medium-deep geothermal heat wells (MDGHWs) at depths of 1,000 to 3,000 meters. These systems can supply heat in winter, cooling in summer, and recharge geothermal wells during off-peak times. A major advantage is the ability to store excess or waste heat underground, improving system efficiency and reducing energy loss. QHeat is advancing this model with its patented coaxial MDGHW technology, tested in collaboration with Finnish experts. This design enhances heat extraction from deep thermal wells, generating heat equivalent to 40 traditional geothermal wells and significantly reducing energy losses. Importantly, the system's ability to store heat underground ensures thermal stability and efficiency within heating networks. The coaxial system also boosts the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of heat pumps by enabling lower temperature differentials, leading to higher efficiency, extended system lifespans, and reduced maintenance costs. This approach achieves COP rates significantly higher than conventional systems while reducing land use by 97%, a crucial factor in densely populated areas. Furthermore, storing excess renewable energy underground helps balance supply and demand, stabilizing grid performance. In conclusion, MDGHWs combined with industrial heat pumps offer an innovative, scalable, and sustainable solution for carbon-neutral heating, with thermal storage and high COP at their core. |